The Role of Filter with Different Media Compositions on Water Quality and Survival of Pangasius (Pangasius sp.) in Recirculation Aquaculture System

Ariska Nur Oktavia, Sri Hastuti, Dicky Harwanto

Abstract


The high market demand for Pangasius (Pangasius sp.) has encouraged farmers to adopt a cultivation system with high stocking densities and high feeding rates. This causes fish farming waste to increase and ammonia in the waters also increases, resulting in a decrease in water quality. One of the efforts to overcome this problem is by using Recirculation Aquaculture System (RAS). This study aims to examine the effect of filters with different media compositions in RAS of Pangasius. Test fish, average weight of 4.59 g, kept for 30 days in aquarium with a density of 1.15 g.L-1. The feed is given at satiation, twice a day. There were five treatments and four replications during study. The treatments were the difference composition of filter media, i.e. A (100% zeolite), B (25% net + 75% zeolite), C (50% net + 50% zeolite), D (75% net + 25% zeolite), and E (100% net). Dacron was used as a mechanical filter in all treatments. The results showed that the composition of different filter materials had a significant effect (P <0.05) on Survival Rate (SR), Total Amount of Feed Fed (TFF), Relative Growth Rate (RGR), and Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE). The best performance was showed by media biofilter composition of 25% nets + 75% zeolite, with the value of VTR (Volumetric Total Ammonia Nitrogen Removal) were 55.45-66.32 g.m-3.day-1, SR was 93.75%; TFF was 124.84 g; RGR was 2.13%.day-1, and FCE was 46.87%. Various different compositions of net and zeolite as filter media on RAS were able to manage TAN below tolerance limit.

Keywords: catfish, recirculation system, filter composition, dacron, net, zeolite.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Amanda, S. P., Mulyadi., U. M. Tang. 2015. Pertumbuhan dan Kelulushidupan Benih Ikan Patin (Pangasius hypopthalmus) dengan Sistem Resirkulasi Menggunakan Filter yang Berbeda. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia. 3(4): 1-8.

Centyana, E., Y. Cahyoko., Agustono. 2014. Substitusi Tepung Kedelai dengan Tepung Biji Koro Pedang (Canavalia ensiformis) terhadap Pertumbuhan, Survival Rate dan Efisiensi Pakan Ikan Nila Merah. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan. 6(1): 7-14.

Chung, J., S. Kim, S. Baek, N. Lee, S. Park, J. Lee, H. Lee., W. Bae. 2015. Acceleration of Aged-landfill Stabilization by Combining Partialnitrification and Leachate Recirculation: A Field-scale Study. Journal of Hazardous Materials. (285): 436-444.

Dalahmeh, S. 2013. Bark and Charcoal Filters for Greywater Treatment Pollutant Removal and Recycling Opportunities. [Thesis] Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.

Dauda, A. B., Nicholas R., W. W. Chen, I. Natrah., M. S. Kamarudin. 2018. Differences in Feeding Habits Influence the Growth Performance and Feeding Efficiencies of African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) and Lemon Fin Barb Hybrid (Hypsibarbus Wetmorei × Barboides Gonionotus) in a Glycerol-Based Biofloc Technology System Versus a Recirculating System. Journal Aquaculture Engineering. pp 1-33.

Dhewantara, Y. L. 2016. Inovasi Teknologi Padat Tebar Awal terhadap Kelangsungan Hidup dan Pertumbuhan Benih Patin Hibrid Pasupati dalam

Sistem Resirkulasi. Jurnal Ilmiah Satya Minabahari. 1(2): 1-12.

Domiszewski, Z., Bienkiewicz, G., Plust, D. 2011. Effects of Different Heat Treatments on Lipid Quality of Striped Catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Technol. Aliment. 10(3): 359-373.

Enache, I., Cristea, V., Ionescu, T., Ion, S. 2011. The Influence of

Stocking Density on the Growth of Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio, in a Recirculation Aquaculture System. International Journal of The Bioflux Society. 4(2): 146-153.

Farazaki, M., Petros G. 2019. Nitrification-denitrification of Municipal Wastewater without Recirculation, using Encapsulated Microorganisms. Journal of Environmental Management (242): 258–265.

Ferosekhan, S., S.K. Sahoo, S.S. Giri, B.K. Das, B.R. Pillai., P.C. Das. 2019. Broodstock development, Captive Breeding and Seed Production of Bagrid Catfish, Mahanadi Rita, Rita Chrysea (Day, 1877). Journal Aquaculture. 1-33.

Francis-Floyd, R., Watson, C., Petty, D., Pouder, D.B. 1990. Ammonia in Aquatic Systems. IFAS extension. FA16/FA031. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. 4p

Handayani, I., E. Nofyan, M. Wijayanti. 2014. Optimasi Tingkat Pemberian Pakan Buatan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Patin Jambal (Pangasius djambal). Jurnal Akuakultur Rawa Indonesia. 2(2): 175-187.

Harwanto D., Jo JY. 2010 The Need of Biofilter for Ammonia Removal in Recirculating Aquaculture System. Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology. 4(1): 1-5.

Harwanto D, Oh SY., Jo JY. 2011a Comparison of the Nitrification Efficiencies of Three Biofilter Media in a Freshwater System. Fisheries and Aquatic Siences. 14 (4): 363-369.

Harwanto, D., S. Y. Oh, H. S. P. Park., J. Y. Jo. 2011b. Performance of Three Different Biofilter Media In Laboratory-Scale Recirculating Systems for Red seabream Pagrus Major Culture. Fish Aquat Sci. 14(4): 371-378.

Hernawan, S. K. Wahonoa, R. Maryanaa., D. Pratiwia. 2015. Modification of Gunungkidul Natural Zeolite as Bioethanol Dehydrating Agents. Energy Procedia. (65): 116-120.

Kikuchi, K., H. Honda., M. Kiyono. 1994. Ammonia Oxidation in Marine Biological Filters with Plastic Filter Media. Fisheries Science. 60(2): 133-136.

KKP. 2018. Data Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Budi Daya. Diakses Tgl 18 Maret 2018.

Kumar, V. J. R., V. Joseph, R. Philip., I. S. B. Singh. 2010. Nitrification in Brackish Water Recirculating Aquaculture System Integrated with Activated Packed Bed Bioreactor. Water Science and Technology. 61(3): 797-805.

Lekang, O. I. 2007. Aquaculture Enggineering. Blackwell Publishing, Australia, 340p.

Losordo TM, Masser MP., Rakocy J. 1998. Recirculating Aquacul¬ture Tank Production Systems: An Overview of Critical Consid¬erations. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center Publication No. 451. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center, Stoneville, MI, US.

Malone, R. F., L. E. Beecher. 2000. Use of Floating Bead Filters to Recondition Recirculating Waters in Warmwater Aquaculture Production Systems. Aquacultural Engineering. 22(1): 57-73.

Muhtaliefa, S.N., Susilowati, T, Yuniarti, T., Harwanto D., Basuki F. 2019. Production Performance of Sangkuriang Catfish (Clarias gariepinus

Burchell-1822) N-2 (Nursery-2) Cultured on Recirculation System with Different Filter Media. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. (246): 012061.

Nurhidayat, K. Nirmala., D. Djokosetyanto. 2012. Efektivitas Kinerja Media Biofilter dalam Sistem Resirkulasi terhadap Kualitas Air untuk Pertumbuhan dan Sintasan Ikan Red Rainbow (Glossolepis incisus Weber). Jurnal Ris. Akuakultur. 7(2): 279-292.

Olmos, S. G., S. M. Liorens, A. T. Vidal, R. M. Ortis, G. Estruch., M. J. Cerda. 2019. Influence of Temperature, Ammonia Load and Hydraulic Loading on The Performance of Nitrifying Trickling Filters for Recirculating Aquaculture Systems. Journal Environmental Chemical Engineering. (7): 1-8.

Papa, E., V. Medri, S. Amari, J. Manaud, P. Benito, A. Vaccari., E. Landi. 2018. Zeolite-Geopolymer Composite Materials: Production and Characterization. Journal of Cleaner Production. (171): 76-84.

Pasaribu, B. M., Mulyadi., Usman M. T. 2016. Pemeliharaan Ikan Patin Siam (Pangasius hypopthalmus) dengan Sistem Resirkulasi pada Wadah dengan Bentuk yang Berbeda. Asian Journal of Environment, History and Heritage. 2(1): 1-9.

Pfeiffer T. J., Paul, S. W. 2011. Evaluation of Three Types of Structured Floating Plastic Media in Moving Bed Biofilters for Total Ammonia Nitrogen Removal in A Low Salinity Hatchery Recirculating Aquaculture System. Aquacultural Engineering. (45): 51– 59.

Priono, B., S. Darti. 2012. Penggunaan Berbagai Jenis Filter untuk Pemeliharaan Ikan Hias Air Tawar di Akuarium. Media Akuakultur. 7(2): 76-83.

Rachmawati, D., I. Samidjan., J. Hutabarat. 2017. Peningkatan Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Pakan, Pertumbuhan dan Kelulushidupan Lele Sangkuriang (Clarias gariepinus) di Desa Wonosari Kecamatan Bonang, Kabupaten Demak melalui Penambahan Enzim Eksogenous Papain dalam Pakan Buatan. Aquacultura Indonesiana. 20(1): 248-253.

Rosmawati., Fia S. M. 2012. Penggunaan Air pada Pemeliharaan Benih Patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus) dengan Sistem Resirkulasi (Recirculation System). Jurnal Pertanian. 3(2): 91-96.

Sefriani, I., Mulyadi., Niken A.P. 2014. Effect of Different Protein Levels for Growth of Juaro (Pangasius polyuranodon) Using Resirculation System. Journal of Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science. pp.1-11.

Septimesy A., D. Jubaedah., A. D. Sasanti. 2016. Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Patin (Pangasius sp.) di Sistem Resirkulasi dengan Padat Tebar Berbeda. Jurnal Akuakultur Rawa Indonesia. 4(1): 1-8.

Setiawati, M., D. Jusadi, S. Laheng, M. A. Suprayudi., A. Vinasyiam. 2016. The Enhanchemen of Growth Performance and Feed Efficiency of Asian Catfish (Pangasius hipotalamus) Fed on (Cinnamomum burmanni) Leaf Powder and Extract as Nutritional Supplementation. AACL Bioflux. 9(6): 1301-1309.

Sidik, A.S., Sarwono., Agustina. 2002. Pengaruh Padat Penebaran terhadap Laju Nitrifikasi dalam Budidaya Ikan Sistem Resirkulasi Tertutup. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia. 1(2): 47-51.

SNI. 2009. Ikan Patin Jambal ( Pangasius djambal ) Produksi Kelas Pembesaran di Kolam.

Siikavuopio SI, Saether BS. 2006. Effects of Chronic Nitrite Exposure on Growth in Juvenile Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua. Aquaculture. (255): 351-356.

Syamsiah, S., I. S. Hadi. 2004. Adsorption Cycles and Effect of Microbial Population on Phenol Removal Using Natural Zeolit. Separation and Purification Technology. 3(4): 125-133.

Thesiana L., A. Pamungkas. 2015. Uji Performansi Teknologi Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) terhadap Kondisi Kualitas Air pada Pendederan Lobster Pasir Panulirus homarus. Jurnal Kelautan Nasional. 10(2): 65-73.

Thi Da, C., T. Lundh., J. E. Lindberg. 2012. Evaluation of Local Feed Resources As Alternatives To Fish Meal In Terms of Growth Performance, Feed Utilisation dan Biological Indices of Striped Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Fingerlings. Journal Aquaculture. pp. 150-156.

Wang, L., Anhuai L., Changqiu W., Xishen Z., Dongjun Z., Rui L., 2006. Nano-Fibriform Production of Silica From Natural Chrysotile. Journal Colloid and Interface Science. pp.436-439.

Wardhani, N. K., E. Sutrisno., S. Sumiyati. 2015. Penurunan Konsentrasi Bod dan Tss Pada Limbah Cair Tahu dengan Teknologi Kolam (Pond)-Biofilm Menggunakan Media Biofilter Jaring Ikan dan Bioball. Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan. 4(1): 1-14.

Yulianti, D. M., T. Aminatun., Yuliati. 2016. Pengaruh Umur Pemakaian Zeolit Alam dan Arang dalam Penyaringan Air Sumur Sistem Adsorpsi terhadap Kualitas Bakteriologis Air. Jurnal Prodi Biologi. 5(2): 1-6.

Zhang, X., J. Li, Y. Yu, R. Xu., Z. Wu. 2016. Biofilm Characteristics in Natural Ventilation Trickling Filters (NVTFS) for Municipal Wastewater Treatment: Comparison of Three Kinds of Biofilm Carriers. Biochemical Engineering Journal. (106): 87-96.

Zidni, I., A. Yustiati, Iskandar., Y. Andriani. 2017. Pengaruh Modifikasi Sistem Budidaya terhadap Kualitas Air dalam Budidaya Ikan Patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus). Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan. 7(2): 125-135.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.oa.2021.17.1.824

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Lisensi Creative Commons

Omni-Akuatika by Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty - Jenderal Soedirman University is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License